Introduction to Logic

Overview

Introduction: Logic and its relationship to other disciplines - Argument, Premises, conclusion, Indicators - Nature and scope of Deductive and Inductive Arguments - Validity and strength of Deductive and Inductive arguments - Truth and Soundness, Counter example method for invalidity of deductive arguments - Diagramming Arguments - Formal and Informal Fallacies: Denial of Antecedent, Affirming the consequent - Fallacies of relevance - Fallacies of Induction - Fallacies arising from the ambiguities in Language.

Traditional Logic: Why formal Logic - Aristotle Theory of Syllogisms - Square of Opposition, Validity of syllogisms using Venn, Euler diagrams - Limitations of Aristotle Logic, Boolean logic and birth of Modern Logic - Modern Logic - Propositional and predicate Logic: Syntax and Semantics - Validity, Consistency, Soundness, Proof, Completeness - Various techniques such as Truth Table method - Indirect truth table method - Natural Deduction - Tree Method - Godels incompleteness theorem - Limitations of standard two valued logic